https://journalijbcrr.com/index.php/IJBCRR/issue/feedInternational Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review2024-03-26T08:58:07+00:00International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Reviewcontact@journalijbcrr.comOpen Journal Systems<p><strong>International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review (ISSN: 2231-086X)</strong> publishes original research papers, review articles and short communications on all areas of Biochemistry. By not excluding papers based on novelty, this journal facilitates the research and wishes to publish papers as long as they are technically correct and scientifically motivated. The journal also encourages the submission of useful reports of negative results. This is a quality controlled, OPEN peer-reviewed, open-access INTERNATIONAL journal.</p> <p><strong>NAAS Score: 4.85 (2024)</strong></p>https://journalijbcrr.com/index.php/IJBCRR/article/view/865Revolutionizing Apixaban Release: Exploring Wet Granulation and Superdisintegrant Synergy for Improved Delivery Profiles2024-03-19T12:58:50+00:00Sadia Parveen sadiap662@gmail.comRavindra Pal Singh Arsh Chanana Gulshan Rathore <p>The aim of the present research was to formulate and evaluate immediate release tablet of apixaban. In this research study, we are formulating apixaban by wet granulation method. Previously research has been conducted based on dry granulation and direct compression methods.</p> <p>The proposed wet granulation method has several advantages in terms of feasibility and cost effectiveness. The present formulation comprises of comparative evaluation between disintegrants such as sodium starch glycolate (SSG), and croscarmellose sodium (CCS), among which CCS was found to have optimum results. Superdisintegrants, are compounds that, as their name implies, are superior to disintegrants and that facilitate or enhance the disintegration time even at low levels, usually 1-10% by weight relative to the total weight of the dosage unit. These are used to boost the potency of the solid dosage form.</p>2024-03-19T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 Author(s). The licensee is the journal publisher. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.https://journalijbcrr.com/index.php/IJBCRR/article/view/866Effects of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Mangifera haden Seeds on Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Hepatotoxicity in Albino Rats2024-03-22T11:09:15+00:00Maryann Nonye Nwafor nonye4ann@gmail.comOnyinyechi Cynthia Onyekwere Charles German IkimiChinedu Shedrack Ogunwa Abba Babandi Alalibo Jim Whyte <p>The present study investigated the effects of ethyl acetate fraction of <em>Mangifera haden </em>seeds on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in wistar albino rats. The phytochemical compositions and acute toxicity studies of crude extract and <em>Mangifera haden </em>seed fraction were determined using standard methods. Albino rats (60) randomly grouped into twelve of five rats each were used for this study. Determination of total bilirubin and protein, lipid peroxidation, liver enzymes marker, antioxidant enzymes, glutathione, lipid profile analysis and histological examination were carried out using standard methods. Phytochemical constituents of crude extract and ethyl acetate fraction of <em>Mangifera haden</em> seed showed that they contain relative amount of flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, triterpenes, alkaloids and coumarins. Liver injury was induced with carbon tetrachloride (CCl<sub>4</sub>) at a dose of 1.0 ml/kg body weight of the animals. All the CCl<sub>4</sub> intoxicated rats displayed hyperlipidemia as shown by their elevated levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and reduction in high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. The administration of ethyl acetate fraction of <em>Mangifera haden</em> seeds significantly (<em>P</em> = 0.05) lowered the levels of serum TC, TAG, LDL, and increased HDL levels. The level of serum malondialdehyde (MDA) significantly (<em>P</em> = 0.05) increased in the CCl<sub>4</sub> group as compared to the normal and treated groups. The elevated level of serum MDA decreased (<em>P</em> = 0.05) significantly at the treatment of rats with 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg of ethyl acetate fraction. The rats treated with CCl<sub>4</sub> produced significant (<em>P</em> = 0.05) increase in serum ALT, AST and ALP when compared to the normal group. Animals treated with varying doses of ethyl acetate fraction produced significant (<em>P</em> = 0.05) reduction of serum ALT, AST and ALP activities when compared to the CCl<sub>4</sub>-untreated group. The activities of hepatic antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and GPx) and glutathione concentration significantly (<em>P</em> = 0.05) decreased in CCl<sub>4-</sub>untreated group compared to the normal group. The decreased activities of the antioxidant enzymes and glutathione concentration in CCl<sub>4</sub> intoxicated rats were ameliorated/modulated more effectively in rats treated with 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg ethyl acetate fraction of <em>Mangifera haden</em> seed. Total bilirubin (TB) concentrations significantly (<em>P</em> = 0.05) increased in CCl<sub>4</sub>-untreated group when compared to the normal group. Oral treatment of rats with varying doses (200, 400, 600 mg/kg) of ethyl acetate fraction caused a significant (<em>P</em> = 0.05) decrease in the serum TB levels. Administration of CCl<sub>4 </sub>showed a reduction in serum total proteins. Treatment of the animals with 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg of ethyl acetate fraction caused significant (<em>P</em> = 0.05) increase in serum total potein. Histological examination showed hepatoprotective properties of plant’s fractions. The compounds found in the different fractions (ethyl acetate and n-hexane) of <em>Mangifera haden</em> seeds are 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester, (Z) –Oleic acid and so on. Therefore the medicinal importance of the plant is been established.</p>2024-03-22T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 Author(s). The licensee is the journal publisher. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.https://journalijbcrr.com/index.php/IJBCRR/article/view/867An Evaluation of Anti-hyperlipidemic Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Moringa oleifera on High Fat Induced Hyperlipidemic Rat Model2024-03-26T07:02:07+00:00Humayra Zaman Himihimizaman16@gmail.comMd.Mahbubur RahmanSyed Abir HasanLia Rose Merry D. CruzeTasnuva Sharmin ZamanMd. Mustafiz Chowdhury<p><strong>Background:</strong> The art or practice of herbal remedies refers to the use of herbs and herbal treatments for the purpose of maintaining health and preventing, treating, or curing sickness. In some areas, herbal treatments can also be referred to as herbal medicine.</p> <p><strong>Aim: </strong>The present study was designed to investigate the antihyperlipidemic and antiatherogenic potentiality of ethanolic extract of <em>Moringa oleifera</em> extract in high fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats.</p> <p><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> <em>Moringa oleifera</em> ethanolic extract was prepared using Soxhlet apparatus. Male rats were made hyperlipidemic by giving high fat diet. M. oleifera was administered in a dose of 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg.b.w./day for 30 days in high fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats. The SGPT, SGOT, total cholesterol,triglyceride, LDL,HDL , Urea and creatinine levels were measured after the treatment.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> For both the SGPT and the SGOT, it was seen that groups 5 and 6 exhibited statistically significant (p< 0.05) outcomes in the case of the SGPT. When conducting the renal function test, it was observed that the levels of creatinine and urea were statistically significant (p< 0.05) in the cases of groups 4, 5, and 6. In the case of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), groups 4, 5, and 6 showed statistically significant findings (p< 0.05) in HDL levels, while groups 5 and 6 showed statistically significant LDL levels. The triglyceride levels in the group were found to be statistically significant (p< 0.05), while the findings obtained from groups 5 and 6 were also found to be statistically significant.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The study revealed that <em>M. oleifera</em> has anti hyperlipidemic activity.</p>2024-03-26T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 Author(s). The licensee is the journal publisher. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.https://journalijbcrr.com/index.php/IJBCRR/article/view/868Nutritive Compounds of Traditional Rainfed Rice (Oryza glaberrima) from Goh-Djiboua and Mountains Districts in Côte d’Ivoire2024-03-26T08:58:07+00:00Aka Boigny Ange AurèleBiego Godi HenriKonan N’Guessan Ysidorhaizykonan@yahoo.frAmadou Moustapha Beye<p><strong>Aims:</strong> The biochemical composition of rainfed rice (Oryza glaberrima) consumed in Côte d'Ivoire has not yet been revealed, whereas rice is of the main staple foods for many people. This work investigates the main biochemical traits of numerous traditional rainfed rice varieties from Ivorian environment, namely in Gôh-Djiboua and Mountains Districts, for better valorization.</p> <p><strong>Study Design:</strong> Study performed on traditional rainfed rice varieties collected from 450 farmers in both regional Districts mentioned above. Shelled rice perceived per variety, conditioned, and total final 5.4 kg of resulted rice considered, 200g per variety, for due laboratory investigation.</p> <p><strong>Place and Duration of Study:</strong> Sampling between January and June 2017, full analysis by 2018 in Laboratory of Food Sciences, Felix Houphouët- Boigny University.</p> <p><strong>Methodology:</strong> All rice samples conveyed to laboratory, then 100g taken per variety, oven-dried at 50 °C/72 h, ground in metallic grinder, sealed into polyethylene bags, and kept into desiccator till analyses. Investigations consisted in triplicate evaluation of moisture, carbohydrates (total glucides, starch, soluble carbohydrates, reducing carbohydrates), fats, proteins, caloric energy, fibres, and ash by rice sample.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Great variability (P<.001) recorded between rive samples for biochemical traits assessed. Thus, the variety Jbröko represents the most important source of glucides (84.19±0.37g/ 100 g) and caloric energy (322.17±0.37kcal/ 100 g) compared to the other varieties. Oppositely, the variety Yoroukouiagnêzê recorded the highest proteins content (7.27±0.03 g/100g), whereas Abê provides more food fibres (6.67±0.14g/ 100g). Otherwise, the variety Danané belating is richer in free soluble sugars (4.63±0.08 g/100 g), while Azi red displayed more moisture content (10.96±0.1%) and Gbêklêazi is richer in lipids with content of 1.26±0.21g/ 100g. The top ash and starch contents were respectively recovered from varieties Zonhonkloumin black (1.38±0.02 g/100 g) and Abê (71.99±0.03g/ 100g).</p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The studied rainfed rice record good nutritive traits above the widespread improved rice varieties. They remain significant caloric food resources thanks to considerable contents in glucides (varieties Abê, Akita, Jbröko, No-No-No, and Danané I), proteins, lipids, and significant amount of food fibre (varieties Boumabou, Glawlon, Dikouè, Loêgnini, and Danané fowl) and minerals. This nutritive composition could permit their quite usages for consumers and researchers, even though other investigations on the functional nutritional compounds should be performed.</p>2024-03-26T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 Author(s). The licensee is the journal publisher. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.