FTIR Analysis and Antipyretic Activity of Cleistopholis patens (Benth.) Engl. & Diels (Annonaceae)
Ouattara Yodanapliban Jules
Laboratory of Bio-Organic Chemistry and Natural Substances, UFR-SFA, Nangui Abrogoua University, 02 BP 801 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Ouattara Zana Adama *
Laboratory of Bio-Organic Chemistry and Natural Substances, UFR-SFA, Nangui Abrogoua University, 02 BP 801 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Kouao Toffe Alexis
Laboratory of Bio-Organic Chemistry and Natural Substances, UFR-SFA, Nangui Abrogoua University, 02 BP 801 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
N’guessan-Gnaman Kakwokpo Clémence
Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Analytical Sciences and Public Health, UFR SPB, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, 22 BP 522 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Kande Brahima
Laboratory of Botany and Valorization of Plant Diversity, UFR SN, Nangui Abrogoua University, 02 BP 801 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Mamyrbekova-Bekro Janat
Laboratory of Bio-Organic Chemistry and Natural Substances, UFR-SFA, Nangui Abrogoua University, 02 BP 801 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Bekro Yves-Alain
Laboratory of Bio-Organic Chemistry and Natural Substances, UFR-SFA, Nangui Abrogoua University, 02 BP 801 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: This study evaluated the antipyretic activity of the hydroethanolic extract of Cleistopholis patens trunk bark (HECP) and identified the principal phytoconstituent families present in the extract.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in the “Chimie Bio-Organique et Substances Naturelles” and “Botanique et Valorisation de la Diversité Végétale” laboratories at Université Nangui ABROGOUA, and the “Sciences du Médicament, Sciences Analytiques et Santé Publique” laboratory at Université Félix HOUPHOUËT-BOIGNY, between June 2022 and February 2023.
Methodology: Antipyretic activity was evaluated by inducing hyperthermia with brewer's yeast in Wistar rats and administering HECP (the test substance) at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg bw, paracetamol® (the reference drug), or distilled water (the negative control), as described by Ouédraogo et al. (2012).The extract also underwent FTIR analysis and qualitative phytochemical screening.
Results: A significant reduction in hyperthermia (p < 0.01) was observed in groups of rats treated with HECP at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg bw and with paracetamol® (ΔT = -1.18 ± 0.03 °C, -0.80 ± 0.09°C, and -0.600 ± 0.009°C, respectively) compared with the control group treated with distilled water (ΔT = -0.180 ± 0.001°C) from the first hour, and this activity persisted until the fifth hour. Quantification of the antipyretic effect showed that HECP at 200 mg/kg had the most promising profile for therapeutic application. The reduction in fever was significant (86.76 ± 7.43%) within the first hour, comparable to that of paracetamol®, peaking at the second hour (135.29 ± 8.27%) and lasting until the fifth hour (117.65 ± 2.94%). Finally, FTIR analysis revealed functional groups associated with phytoconstituents that may belong to families such as polyphenols (flavonoids) and alkaloids; these findings were confirmed by qualitative phytochemical screening.
Conclusion: C. patens demonstrated antipyretic activity, reported in this study for the first time, thereby supporting its traditional use as a febrifuge. This study also indicated that C. patens could be a source of renewable phenolic compounds and alkaloids.
Keywords: Cleistopholis patens, Annonaceae, antipyretic activity, hydroethanolic extract, trunk bark, FTIR spectroscopy, phytochemical screening, polyphenols, alkaloids, yeast-induced pyrexia